Cardiovascular disease (CVD) remains the leading causes of morbidity and mortality in the developed world. The major forms of CVD include coronary heart disease (angina， myocardial infarction)， cerebrovascular disease (stroke)， and hypertension. Pathological vascular remodeling， such as atherosclerosis， is the main trigger of myocardial infarction and stroke. A normal artery consists of three main layers: the intima， media， and adventitia. The intima is a single layer of endothelial cell lining the lumen of the blood vessel.